For the command line:
git status
: shows all modified files.
git add <filepath>
: adds the specified file to staging.
git add .
: adds all modified files to staging.
git commit
: commits all staged files to the local repo.
git commit -a
: equivalent to
git add . | git commit
git push origin <branchname>
: push all commited changes to the branch on the local repo to the remote repo (origin).
I highly recommend looking over the documentation
here[
^]. It covers anything you could want to know about git and there are also cheat sheet links for quick reference.