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Thank you Very Much for this explanation! As I said before, I am in awe of your talents, and this is helpful for my understanding!
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The abbreviation is overused, but lol!
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(And also made me a bit sad, that we are overwriting the lives of other species to supposedly improve our own.)
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Yeah,
David O'Neil wrote: we are overwriting the lives of other species to supposedly improve our own
One of my old coworkers has a wife that was working as a research scientist at the Tulane National Primate Research Center |[^] and she would describe some of her research. They have over 5,000 primates, you have absolutely no idea... what she was telling me was worse than anything you can possibly even imagine.
Best Wishes,
-David Delaune
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All one needs to do is recall images of live monkeys with the tops of their skulls removed and numerous wires implanted.
There's a reason that there are groups who are outraged by these practices are sometimes even provoked to mass-releases by attacking the labs. Those who condemn them - maybe if they had a look first, before the lab covered up the less PR-improving experiments.
Not just monkeys - much of animal testing is irrelevant. If we relied on its outcome, we'd consider aspiring toxic (cats) and chocolate toxic (dogs) - we'd make up for it with amanita phalloides as a tasty addition to our diet since it doesn't harm rabbits. That's a mushroom more commonly called "The Death Angel".
| Ravings en masse^ |
|---|
| "The difference between genius and stupidity is that genius has its limits." - Albert Einstein | | "If you are searching for perfection in others, then you seek disappointment. If you seek perfection in yourself, then you will find failure." - Balboos HaGadol Mar 2010 |
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W∴ Balboos, GHB wrote: All one needs to do is recall images of live monkeys with the tops of their skulls removed and numerous wires implanted.
I don't know how you knew that, but she also told me that the experiments required that the primates were conscious to get accurate data. I don't know how she could sleep at night after doing something like that. It's disgusting.
Best Wishes,
-David Delaune
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Randor wrote: I don't know how you knew that,
Pictures of that have been available for years (often showing up in donation requests from animal rights groups).
Animals deliberately crippled, typically spinal cord damage, for experiments. Vivisection is common.
Personally, I won't even wear leather as it's value-added to the slaughter-industry (and rather repulsive if you think about what it is).
| Ravings en masse^ |
|---|
| "The difference between genius and stupidity is that genius has its limits." - Albert Einstein | | "If you are searching for perfection in others, then you seek disappointment. If you seek perfection in yourself, then you will find failure." - Balboos HaGadol Mar 2010 |
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A good example, but most cases I've come across caring about these kind of problems use delegates instead of inheritance. Delegates come with the additional advantage to keep what would otherwise be the base class entirely out of the API (i. e. the headers).
I. e. instead of putting this into your header:
class MyEncapsulatedBaseClass { public:
void doAwesomeStuff();
};
class MYAPI MyDerivedClass : private MyEncapsulatedBaseClass { public:
void doMoreAwsomeStuff(); };
you only put this in your header:
class MYAPI MyClass {
class MyEncapsulatedClass* delegate;
public:
void doMoreAwesomeStuff(); };
The advantage of the latter is that you can switch to a different encapsulated class or change the function and data members in that class without affecting the API delivered to your clients.
The only advantage of the former I can think of is, that with protected inheritance, that protection is not final, at least not for virtual member functions: another derived class can overide any protected virutal base function with a public one, making it accessible again! (Of course, if you want to retain that option, the question is why don't you use public inheritance to start with ?  )
GOTOs are a bit like wire coat hangers: they tend to breed in the darkness, such that where there once were few, eventually there are many, and the program's architecture collapses beneath them. (Fran Poretto)
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Yep,
C++ has become such a feature-rich language. There are many tools in the programmers toolbox.
Best Wishes,
-David Delaune
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You maybe used composition to define 'has-a' relations... that's the way C# preferred, so no private inheritance there...
"The only place where Success comes before Work is in the dictionary." Vidal Sassoon, 1928 - 2012
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You use inheritance when a derived type must implement the functionality of the base type.
- Public inheritance is used when the public functionality of the base type may be used by anyone.
- Protected inheritance is used when the public functionality of the base type may be used only by further-derived types.
- Private inheritance is used when the public functionality of the base type may not be used by further-derived types.
An example for private (or protected) inheritance might be a wrapper for the HANDLE object in Windows. A HANDLE wrapper may be constructed directly so its constructor must be public, but inside a File object you probably want only the File object (or its derived types) to be able to access the HANDLE.
Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows.
-- 6079 Smith W.
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Yes, they come very handy to define the degree of derivation freedom you want to let users for your interface elements.
Why the question ?
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Rage wrote: Why the question ?
Because I have never seen good examples for public and private derivation.
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Oh. I was hoping for a more crunchy story with secret services and hacking passwords.
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Sorry to disappoint you, but I am a mere mortal programmer.  I don't have time to brute force passwords and such...
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That's because you do not use private and protected inheritance...
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I have used private inheritance. The base class public access members are still public access in the derived class. Therefore the derived class still can call the base class functions and access its public data. But the user who instantiates the derived class, cannot access the public member of the base class, hence private inheritance.
Public inheritance is a "is-a" relationship.
Private inheritance is a "implemented-in-terms-of" relationship.
A useful example, is I like .NET string class and like a C++ string class with the same C# methods but I do not want to reimplement from scratch, so I derived from std::wstring with private inheritance to make use of its functionality, so that user of my string class cannot access the base class's std::wstring to avoid the confusion.
class MyString : private std::wstring
{
};
There is an excellent blog about this topic: C++ Tutorial: Private Inheritance - 2020
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Hi David,
According to this, private inheritance in C++17 is primarily used whenever you're having a need to make all those public and protected members, in a base class, to become private in all derived descendant classes, and, thus not accessible via a derived class object.
Whist, according to this, all public and protected members of a base class become protected in all derived classes. This is typically needed to make those public members of a base class to become protected in all descendent classes, rather than those methods are accessible via a derived class object.
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One instance where I used private inheritance in pre C++ 11 days was to easily make a class non-copyable:
class fancy_type : private boost::noncopyable
{};
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At the end of the day, it’s a way to implement your public interface to the world without your clients being exposed to the details. You have many options to implement that interface; code directly in the class, delegating to others (composition) or inheriting it.
Imagine parallel universes, there is the public one that clients exist in and another that the non-public stuff lives in. Both (potentially) have a need for inheritance either to represent a natural taxonomy (CheckingAccount isa Account, etc) or for reuse (Account inherits Persistent, Equatable). I say “potentially” because out of all the ways to implement your public interface, inheritance is by far the worst in my opinion - it’s the road to spaghetti code  .
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Basically, public inheritance is an "IS-A" relationship while protected or private inheritance is a "HAS-A" relationship. A "HAS-A" relationship is like aggregation.
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