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WoodseyAU wrote: ruined my head by learning COBOL
as fast I learned COBOL is about as fast as I tried to forget it... I learned it for one job and after that job I couldn't hit the "flush" button fast enough. 
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Each number is a different year, not counting different versions of languages...
1). C, then C++
2). TSQL, C# (Backend Web Development), Objective C,Java (Mobile Apps), ActionScript3
3). HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Sass, Razor, K#
4). Less, Pug (aka Jade), Purescript, CoffeeScript, Ruby, F#, Haskell, Visual Basic .Net, XML
5). XAML, Powershell, XHTML, Lucene
6). PHP, VB6, Bash, Twig
7). Typescript, Python, HCL, Cypher, XSLT
8). PSQL
It wouldn't surprise me if I've missed a few, and I left at least a few out like Prolog or GraphQL where I've dabbled, but don't really know, and also thinks that aren't really languages like JSON
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Sort of close to the order I learnt/used them in...
PL/360, Various assemblers, Pascal, Fortran, Algol (68 and W), COBOL, The Basics (GW, MS etc)
FoxPro, The "VBs" (1, 3, 5 and 6 - because I was an evil person in a previous life), Siebel scripting and VBA.
Various Scripting things (VBScript, DOS batch, Perl etc),
Various dbs stuff - SQL, PL/SQL (because it is different enough to the other SQLs). Bit of PL/I but thats almost the same as the Oracle stuff.
The standard C, C++, C# (because all 3 are more different than @Donanthan-Hutchings would have us believe  )
VB.NET. HTML/CSS and XML/XSLT/Xpath stuff (does that really count? If it does I've clumped it together)
Bit of XMAL but that is/was a work in progess.
Looked into Java and Ruby but ran away when the needs went away (so not counting them)
Just started dabbling with Javascript because I want to know what it's like in Mordor.
So, because I'm an old elephant, and depending on how you clump them together, I reckon that averages out somewhere between 1 every 2.5 to 5 years. So I checked "I learn a new language maybe every 3 - 5 years" - In reality it followed more of a normal distribution curve though, and I reckon I've forgotten most of the old stuff entirely.
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Maybe if your still in school and taking classes. Even then learning 5+ programming languages is a bit of a stretch. I would not call this learned its more you were introduced to the language.
John
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over about 25 years
Professionally:
ANSI Basic
Pascal
Fortran
C
Forth
SQL
C++
Visual Basic
VB.Net
C#
Delphi
Python
Perl
Java
Groovy
Javascript
Typescript
although Typescript is a superset of javascript, you will not get any benefit if you include vanilla javascript in your typescript.
Dabbled:
Algol
6510 Assembler Language
Lisp
Prolog
Modula-2 more than dabbled, but not professionally
Ruby
F#
Erlang
Scala
Shells:
csh
ksh
bash
powershell
would like to dabble in:
scheme
go
rust
newer features of c++
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So you average over 1.4 languages a year, minus the dabbled ones, if we went that route - could more more than 1 a year, I don't know. 
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Full: C, C++, C#, C++CLI, Perl, F#, Javascript/Typescript, Java, SQL/TSQL
Scripting: HTML, CSS, mIRC-script, Lua, Batch/Powershell
Other: TLA+
Those are the ones I'd be comfortable writing code in right now. I've dabbled in other things like BASIC/VB and Elm. And there are still languages I'd like to play with at some point like Ruby and Go. A new language every 1-2 years isn't really all that bad. Usefulness is arguable but I enjoy it.
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I learn something new (call it a new "language" or a new "software" or whatever), when I need to do it (professionally) or when it really wakes up my interest (private)
If not... I prefer to keep my focus in methodologies, algorithms and things like that (more abstract). The concrete syntax to do something is usually in the last place.
M.D.V. 
If something has a solution... Why do we have to worry about?. If it has no solution... For what reason do we have to worry about?
Help me to understand what I'm saying, and I'll explain it better to you
Rating helpful answers is nice, but saying thanks can be even nicer.
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You echoed my sentiments verbatim.
/ravi
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When you know Java and do your first JavaScript project, is that a new language then?
If you know C# and have to do a bit low level C code... new language?
We have some archetypes of languages, some general concepts (strong typed, dynamic), some execution methods (interpreted, JIT, compiled), but where is the border? How many different commands make up a "new language"?
be it "foreach (x in y)" or "for (x : y)" ... is that really a different language?
It's just about a bit more or less syntactic sugar, some concepts differ a bit, but honestly it's not that hard divided these days than it has been in the 90's.
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Mike Barthold wrote: When you know Java and do your first JavaScript
Completely different languages that happen to share a name and syntax.
We're talking OOP vs. prototype, typed vs. untyped, compiled vs. interpreted, static vs. dynamic, rich and full vs. missing basic functions (although it's getting better)...
The worst JavaScript code I've seen is from C# developers who thought JavaScript is just untyped C#... 
If you think Java and JavaScript are alike you need to step up your "learned languages per year" game 
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I don't think that
I don't think anything about javascript except "try to avoid it as long as you can"
What I meant, was, as I wrote (and you repeated much of it), that it's more a question of concept and approach, and not the "language" itself. that's just a bit of vocabulary.
What a dev really needs to understand is the how-to for each of those syntax-bits.
How to do it "right".
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To me, a language is everything about that language.
The syntax is a small part of that.
Other aspects are the libraries, best practices, environment, etc.
If you're talking syntax then I agree, C, C++, Java, C# and even JavaScript all look alike.
However, you can't say you (almost) speak Dutch just because we have the same alphabet as the English
If you take in everything else then I guess only Java and C# look alike, the others have close to nothing in common with the others.
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Well put Sander.
As for new languages, I explore and dabble quite frequently but that's a far cry from knowing them!
Kevin
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I take your point but maybe not your examples. C and C# are oceans apart form each other even if they do share a few flow control statements.
Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect. - Mark Twain
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Oh yes they are, you are absolutely right. OO vs proc -- So yes, those two qualify as "different" languages, maybe more than many others
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