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Vaclav_Sal wrote: How does OS determine which network adapter to use?
If you have multiple network adapters connected, the system is multi-homed. The decision as to which route packets take is dependent on:
1. The routing table.
2. The 'weight' given to each network interface.
Strictly the weight is part of the routing table, but takes effect only if identical routes are discovered.
The IP routing table can be made incredibly complex, but for most systems not otherwise configured, you basically get a default route (to 0.0.0.0 masked 0.0.0.0, i.e. anywhere) configured to use your default gateway via each interface, with a weight. The wired network card will typically get given a lower weight and be preferred to the wireless card. Likewise each card will have a route for the IP and mask it's configured for. If the cards are on the same network, again the wired card will be preferred.
If the cards are on different networks (IP ranges), packets for the wired card's network should go to the wired card and vice versa. Packets for other networks will go to whichever card the default gateway is nearest to. If there are multiple 'default gateways' the weight again controls which is used.
The routes for the wired card will be (or should be) removed if the OS detects that the cable has been unplugged. Only then will the wireless card be used.
You can view the routing table by issuing the route print command.
Example: I have a wired network card and a wireless card. I'm running Windows Vista. My IPv4 routing table is, with both enabled and in good coverage:
Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 20
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 25
127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.2 276
192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.4 281
192.168.1.2 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.2 276
192.168.1.4 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.4 281
192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.2 276
192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.4 281
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.2 276
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.4 281
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.2 276
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.4 281The wired card has address 192.168.1.2 while the wireless card is 192.168.1.4. You can see I have two routes for the 192.168.1.x network, with the wired card having weight 276 compared to wireless 281, so the wired card is preferred. Multicast is on 224.x.x.x and again wired is preferred to wireless and loopback (weight 306). Broadcasts (all-ones and 192.168.1.255) are all weighted to wired as well. Packets addressed to the loopback network (127.0.0.0) all go to the loopback interface. Finally, there are the two default routes and both state to send to 192.168.1.1, but again the wired network takes priority.
Why does the "status" of wireless show "cable unplugged" at times?
Most likely you're out of range or on the borders of coverage. Windows 2000 does not understand wireless cards, so the card reports poor network performance as 'cable unplugged', so that the OS can make better routing decisions. If you care, get an OS (e.g. XP SP2) which understands wireless cards.
Vaclav_Sal wrote: It seems that the LAN device cannot be enabled / disabled in Control Panel with any confidence. It is a hit and wait and try again affair.
I've not seen this behaviour, but it can take a while for wireless devices to associate with a network. They are also supposed to disassociate from the base station when being disabled, which should be acknowledged, which could take a while to time out if out of coverage.
DoEvents: Generating unexpected recursion since 1991
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Take out the LAN cable. This wil kill the IP address for it and remove it from therouting table. Give the system about 5 seconds and your wireless card will become the default IP route.
Morality is indistinguishable from social proscription
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Hi all
m having Seagate Barracuda 80 GB HDD some days before i use all memory of it, but currently it display only 32 GB i checked it`s Jumper setting and all possible tricks but it still shows 32GB
Plz Tell solution........
The Stifler
--
Bugs can neither be created nor be removed from software by a developer. They can only be converted from one form to another. The total number of bugs in the software always remain constant.
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Which O/S are you using?? What's the drive partitioned as?? What was the partition formatted with?? FAT, FAT32, NTFS??
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M using
Windows XP, Drive Partitioned as Promary & Logical within Extended and partition formated as FAT32
but when i check HDD in Partition Magic 8 it display 32GB
before some days i used 76GB out of 80Gb
The Stifler
--
Bugs can neither be created nor be removed from software by a developer. They can only be converted from one form to another. The total number of bugs in the software always remain constant.
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Windows XP will not create FAT32 partitions bigger than 32GB. You have to use a different tool to do so. The reason is that Microsoft believe that NTFS is a better choice on larger drives.
If you really need to use FAT32 on this drive you could try this FAT32 Formatter[^] which supports >32GB partitions.
DoEvents: Generating unexpected recursion since 1991
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Is it possible to get the data back from a partition that was replaced by a ghost image.I have a partition that got mistakenly replace by a image that was supposed to be of another partition.Anybody have any experience
_________________________
"When the superior man refrains from acting, his force is felt for a thousand li." Sun Tzu
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It depends on a few factors:
-Was the image applied at a sector level? (eg, the image contains 100mb of an OS and 10GB of blank data (00), does it even overwite with blank data?)
-Did the image overwrite the sectors of data which you want to recover?
Im sure you wont be able to use any simple 1-click program to revert the whole partition, but what you could start with is using some hex editor to open the drive (as a physical medium, and or the partition itself) and then look at the sectors for data which may be recoverable, and of interest, an example of such a program is WinHex.
Thats a start...
However how to go from there depends on alot of factors, such as type of data, file system of the original and new partition, OSes and so on...
Hope you can atleast get something back... 
//Johannes
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Nope. You overwrote the data in the partition beyond any hope of getting it back.
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IF the data you need to recover was actually overwritten (as opposed to being marked as empty) you're almost certainly going to have to contact a professional firm and pay $big bucks. Even if it wasn't overwritten trying to examine it via a hex editor to find missing files isn't viable unless you only need to recover a handful of non binary files. Unfortunately you're more or less SOL.
Otherwise [Microsoft is] toast in the long term no matter how much money they've got. They would be already if the Linux community didn't have it's head so firmly up it's own command line buffer that it looks like taking 15 years to find the desktop.
-- Matthew Faithfull
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Dear all, I want to find a functional Board to test Contact&Contactless Module.
The board should have the function as lists:
Contact Test Item
Open/Short(Diode to GND/Vcc test)
Leakage Test(input high current)
Leakage Test(input low current)
Dynamic current consumption test
ATR-Functional test
Contactless Test Item
Input capacitor test
Modulation Voltage Test
Functional Test
if you could give me some manufactures, i will appreciate you!
or if you could give me some websites from which i could find something relate, i will appreciate you too.
Above all, Merry Christmas to all of you.
MSN:msnadair@hotmail.com
Skype:skyadair
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guys i need help! i have a problem my pc just hangs in the middle of something it just simply stops responding.. 
if someone could please try to help me figure out which part could be the defective one...
mother board? msi kt4av (socket a)
..its a newly replaced motherboard , but with the same model and its already used and not brand new.. <-am thinkin this could be the one
memory? i have 256 ddr 2(pcs) and i tried already to put one first.. (still hangs) then tried the other one too but still the same.. my pc still hangs in the middle of my game or sometimes even browsing only on the net
processor? i also upgraded my processor from 1.2 athlon to 1.7 athlon also.. could this be the problem? but its working fine sometimes but sometimes not
video card? nvidia fx550 256 mb 128 bit
but i can play games like warcraft, gta san andreas with it before and still now..
power supply? 400 watts
could this be my problem? could there be power shortage?
i know my pc is kinna pretty old.. and just might suggest to buy a new one.. but i dont have budget yet.. and i do have a plan of buying 'AMD Phenom 9500 Quad Core' that would be.. how much.. too damn expensive yet..
any help would be appreciated...
and thanks again in advance
i never really like this... being a programmer...whhargghh!!
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First i would go about finding out if it actally is a hardware problem, as it could just be windows thats all broken down. A simple way to test this is to burn out a Linux live on CD (Like Knoppix or Ubuntu) and then sit and click around in that for a while, surf the web, check email etc. If it still crashes then hardware is you problem. If not, then windows/program/malware is the problem. (a re-install would probably help)
If its hardware it can be anything really, RAM is an important part in any computer, but it could just as well be any other part.
It could also be that some setting in your BIOS is overclocking your computer/parts of it, this is a common reason for freezing, so maybe you should load BIOS defaults too.
This type of problem can be hard, as anything can affect everything else (in a odd way)...
I hope this is a start...
//Johannes
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ei thanks!
i ll try to reset my bios i havent try that.. and i wish that would solve this..
i havent done any overclocking yet but yeah maybe the previous user of my motherboard tried something else..
also i ll try to burn out too.. but first i need to download the ubuntu or knoppix but i think it will finish downloading tomorrow cause its more than 500 mb size..
i never really like this... being a programmer...whhargghh!!
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download a memtest86 CD, boot it, have it run a stress test overnight. If it passes with no errors you've proved the ram innocent. Running prime95 (24hrs per test type) in windows will stress your CPU and to an extent your mobo/ram. If it's erroring out you've got a hardware problem.
If your new CPU uses more power than the old one but you're using the same heatsink it might be overheating and crashing. For a socketA board motherboard monitor should be able to keep an eye on your CPU temp. If you're going above 60C it might be a problem, 70C definitely would be. To test the PSU, get a multimeter and with the system fully loaded check the voltage between +5V(red) and ground(black) and +12V(yellow) and ground in the ATX plug. Depending on the probes you might need to supplement with bent paperclips to make contact. +-5% is within spec anything outside is a problem.
Otherwise [Microsoft is] toast in the long term no matter how much money they've got. They would be already if the Linux community didn't have it's head so firmly up it's own command line buffer that it looks like taking 15 years to find the desktop.
-- Matthew Faithfull
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thanks guys for all your replies man and guess what!!? 
last night i did reset the bios to default and i think it did solve it
cause ive used it more than 5 hrs straight without halting..
before it hangs just within an hour.. and last night i did enjoy playing my warcraft(DOTA) and had a 'BEYOND GOD LIKE' ai hero killings hehe!! thanks to johpoke and also to dan neely
but i still need to to burn out to be sure.. and yeah i should check my cpu temp..
you guys are great man i love this site more than ever
i never really like this... being a programmer...whhargghh!!
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 Lucky that only reseting the bios fixed the problem, sometimes it can take forever to find the problem. Running prime95 for a few days as dan neely said is a way of ensuring 100% stability, and is a very good test to do on any computers you use.
To check CPU temps use SpeedFan
//Johannes
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I orignally posted this question under OS/SYSADMIN
But then while looking at this section I noticed questions about DDK So I posted the question here too
Hi,
I was looking to use WinDbg remotely to debug device driver anyway was looking at some documentation
and it looked like there were one or more ways of connecting 1) null modem via a com port specfying those paramters in the boot.ini
also in addition or maybe just another method of connecting remotely was starting WinDbg with a TCP:PORT number
I have a wireless router and can open up a port by typing the IP address of the router and from one the menus opening up a port
My question is when connecting through a port dont I have to know the IP address of the machine I connecting to
or maybe this isn't necessary since the machine I am connecting to is the one that is connected via the null modem
Thankx in Advance
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The DDK is the best source of info on this. You can also find it on the internet genrally. Check out OSR online for good driver resources.
Anyway, a null modem cable is the easiest. Fire wire also works and is quick, and the lates is supposed to be USB based, havent tried it yet thgough.
You cannot use an IP stack for debugging though.
So, stick your nuull modem cable into COM1 on each machine. Add to boot.ini on the target machine /debugport=COM1 /baudrate=115200 to the stock boot option (remove the other switches).
Start WinDbg on the host and open a kernel debug session on COM1 at 115200 then reboot the target.
Away you go. Then set the symbol path, source path and so on and you can step through your driver code.
Morality is indistinguishable from social proscription
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I have gotten a conection with a fireware on dual core laptop windows XP to Dual core tower windwos XP however laptop dual core XP to TOwer XP quad core gives me a problem
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Hi
Moving asp.net files over from a citrix server to a web server?
What sort of problems am I going to have regarding how the code works, the .net framework and interfacing with sql server?
I was thinking of using ssl for the link between web server and citrix server]
any help would be great
cheers
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Hi everyone!
I have a GA-965P-DQ6 motherboard from Gigabyte and I'm trying to install a PCI to IDE card with Sil0680 chipset on it, the hardware is detected and driver is installed but the install wizard returns (Code 10) so windows could not run the device.
I have win vista and i have downloaded the last driver for my device!
What should I do to run it?! 
Sojaner!
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Hello All,
Which is the best place to look for the information about the various facts technology about hardware. I am an application programmer with a very limited knowledge of how we access the hardware through software.
Basically what I need to learn is the basic knowledge about various topics as PCI buses (want to undersatand what bus-function-device-offset way of reading PCI space), ISa, SPD, SMBus etc etc.
I am able to download specification documents for each of above mentioend technology bit they are very detailed and indepth. What exactlly I am looking for is brief and to the point stuff for a programmer.
Pleas help
Thanks
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vikrantc1355 wrote: What exactlly I am looking for is brief and to the point stuff for a programmer.
The average programmer doesn't need to know this stuff. The hardware, in conjunction with its driver and the OS, expose an interface to the user-mode world which is used to access the hardware - things like a drive letter, a custom IOCTL, a com port indicator (COMx), ... User-mode programs use that to communicate with the hardware.
If you're looking at actually talking to the hardware, you're entering the realm of writing a device driver. "Brief and to the point stuff" for this subject doesn't exist. How a driver talks to a piece of hardware depends on each piece of hardware, and the operating system it is written for. This is not a simple straight-forward subject.
Here's my usual list that I give when asked about info on device drivers.
The WDK itself - documentation andthe samples are improving but it assumes you already have a good knowledge of the OS
"Programming the Windows Driver Model" 2nd ed by Walter Oney - make sure it is the 2nd edition
"Microsoft Windows Internals, Fourth Edition: Microsoft Windows
Server(TM) 2003, Windows XP, and Windows 2000" by Mark Russinovich and David Solomon
"Windows NT Device Driver Development" by Peter Viscarola and Tony Mason - dated but the stuff they discuss hasn't changed and it's a good foundation.
"Developing Drivers with the Windows® Driver Foundation" by Penny Orwick and Guy Smith - this one is from Microsoft Press and is the only book currently published with a good description of KMDF
This one should be excellent (if they ever get it published) "Introduction to the Windows Driver Foundation Kernel Mode Driver Framework " by Peter Viscarola, Tony Mason, Mark Cariddi, Brenda Ryan, Scott Noone, and OSR
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My requirment is not something related to driver develoment.
The books you menmtioned seems to be specific to that peupose.
Waht I am looking is like I want for example lets assume I want to show the content of PCI Config space to show this I should have a good understanding of PCI spacce and its structure and other stuff. Smilarly for SPD and SMBus etc.
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