Record size, type, and etc

Windows usesCR carriage return and line feed as a line ending ("\r\n", \r is 0x0D in hexadecimal, 13 in decimal and Line Feed \n is 0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal)

Linux uses only a Line feed (0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal) for a line ending

if(!File.Exists("C:\Zones.Txt")) 
  do something<\pre>
will throw an exception if you are not authorized to access the file.


  The FileInfo class requires a constructor but subsequent requests (file access times and file attributes) are very fast as the information is obtained from the in memory class. Place the FileInfo constructor in a try/catch to avoid exceptions.
<pre>FileInfo fileInfo = null;
try(fileInfo = new FileInfo("C:\Zones.Txt")) 
catch (Exception ex)
{ Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); }

<pre>using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;

namespace EncodingDemo
{
  class Program
  {
    private static string[] _lines = new string[]
      {"Line 01", "Line 02", "Line 03"};

    private static string _outputPath = "";

    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("EncodingDemo - Text formats");

      Console.WriteLine("Please provide an output path (for example I:/TextDemo");
      string documentsFolder = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
      Console.WriteLine("Default is: " + documentsFolder);
      string outputPath = Console.ReadLine();
      if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(outputPath))
        _outputPath = documentsFolder;
      else
        _outputPath = outputPath;

      //create and display text files with various encodings
      CreateFile("TextDemo-" + "ASCII", Encoding.ASCII);
      CreateFile("TextDemo-" + "UTF8", Encoding.UTF8);
      CreateFile("TextDemo-" + "Unicode", Encoding.Unicode);
      CreateFile("TextDemo-" + "UTF32", Encoding.UTF32);
      CreateStringText("TextDemo-" + "Strings");

      Console.WriteLine("");
      Console.WriteLine("Press any key to terminate this program");
      Console.ReadKey();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Create a file with the desired encoding. The input text is stored in _lines.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="outputFileName">name of the file to be created</param>
    /// <param name="encoding">encoding to use</param>
    private static void CreateFile(string outputFileName, Encoding encoding)
    {
      string fileName = Path.Combine(_outputPath, outputFileName + ".txt");
      Console.WriteLine("");
      Console.WriteLine("Creating " + fileName);
      try
      {
        using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
        using (StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(fileStream, encoding))
        {
          foreach (string line in _lines)
            streamWriter.WriteLine(line);
        }
      }
      catch (Exception ex)
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Error on file: " + fileName);
        Console.WriteLine("  " + ex.Message);
        return;
      }

      FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(fileName);
      if (fileInfo.Exists)
      {
        Console.WriteLine("  File length: " + fileInfo.Length.ToString("n0", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture));
        ShowHex(fileName);
      }
      else
        Console.WriteLine("File not found");
    }

    private static void CreateStringText(string outputFileName)
    {
      string fileName = Path.Combine(_outputPath, outputFileName + ".txt");
      Console.WriteLine("");
      Console.WriteLine("Creating " + fileName);
      using (StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(fileName))
      {
        streamWriter.Write(_lines[0]);
        streamWriter.WriteLine(_lines[1]);
        streamWriter.Write(_lines[2]);
      }

      FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(fileName);
      if (fileInfo.Exists)
      {
        Console.WriteLine("  File length: " + fileInfo.Length.ToString("n0", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture));
        ShowHex(fileName);
      }
      else
        Console.WriteLine("File not found");
    }


    private static void ShowHex(string fileName)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("Offset             Hex values");
      FileStream fileStream = null;     //base
      BinaryReader fileReader = null;   //reader
      fileStream = File.OpenRead(fileName);
      using (fileReader = new BinaryReader(fileStream))
      {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.Append(ToHex(fileStream.Position));
        sb.Append("  ");
        int
          counter = 0,
          groupSets = 0;
        while (fileStream.Position < fileStream.Length)
        {
          byte singleByte = fileReader.ReadByte();
          sb.Append(ToHex(singleByte));
          if (++counter >= 4)
          { //convert to hex and set up for display
            sb.Append(" ");       //pad between group sets
            if(++groupSets >= 8)  //maximum group sets per line
            { //display a lines of hex values
              Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
              sb.Clear();
              sb.Append(ToHex(fileStream.Position)); //show the new position of fileStream
              sb.Append("  "); 
              groupSets = 0;
            }
            counter = 0;
          }
        }
        Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
      }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Covert a byte to hex digits with leading zeros as needed
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="byteValue"></param>
    /// <returns>right justified, zero filled hex byte value</returns>
    private static string ToHex(byte byteValue)
    {
      string strHex = String.Format("{0:X0}", byteValue);
      string rslt = "0000" + strHex;
      strHex = rslt.Substring(rslt.Length - 2);
      return strHex;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Convert a long to display hex
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="integer32">number to be converted</param>
    /// <returns>right justified, zero filled UInt32 in hex</returns>
    private static string ToHex(UInt32 integer32)
    {
      string strHex = String.Format("{0:X0}", integer32);
      string rslt = "00000000" + strHex;
      strHex = rslt.Substring(rslt.Length - 8);
      return strHex;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Convert a long to display hex
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="longInt">number to be converted</param>
    /// <returns>right justified, zero filled Int64 in hex</returns>
    private static string ToHex(Int64 longInt)
    {
      UInt32 upper32 = (UInt32)(longInt >> 32);
      UInt32 lower32 = (UInt32)(longInt & 0x00000000ffffffff);
      return ToHex(upper32) + " " + ToHex(lower32);
    }
  }
}