Basically, I think you're right out of luck.
What has probably happened is that your "spike guard" has had a spike and failed - at which point it seems to have passed the spike on to the PC (and possibly made the situation worse - some do). The other possibility is that your PSU has failed, and it blew the fuse in your spike protector - in fact this is more likely than receiving a spike in the first place.
What has this done to your PC? Nothing good. The lack of response from the PC when you turn it on most times would indicate that there was (probably) a problem with your PSU, and that since you have changed that and the problem persists, it is likely that it passed the spike on to the motherboard and related components.
I've met this before - a PSU failure that stresses the other components on the computer to the point where they fail as well. and since they all connect to the PSU output voltages...
I would suggest that the only practical thing to do is replace the PC and use a USB disk caddy (like this one:
http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/DUAL-2-5-3-5-IDE-SATA-HDD-DOCKING-DOCK-STAND-STATION-CADDY-USB-CARD-READER-UK-/280935394629?pt=UK_Computing_Other_Computing_Networking&hash=item41690ded45[
^]) to temporarily connect your old HDD to the new computer to get the data off it. I would not connect the HDD directly into my new PC - I've seen that kind of stress being "contagious" and stressing the new components as well!