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Well, unless its an internet program (in which case you wouldn't be able to assign individual users 'on the fly' anyway) surely you have some internal security policies, and I bet they include Windows groups, otherwise you are wide open to abuse. As a contractor I have worked at many large multi-national financial companies, all of which use Windows groups as one form of application/database security. The only time I have seen anythng other than trusted connection (and within that the groups are only assigned the minimum permissions required) is with inter/intranet applications where sql server resides on a different physical server to IIS and you have the classic 'double hop' problem.
Anyway, its up to you, but I suggest you read up on SQL Server security before making a final decision, as whatever the connection method you need to enfore security within the server.
Bob
Ashfield Consultants Ltd
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The problem is that it is an internet application...
Im thinking of just using Web Services.
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Thats 1 way. If you had said that in the first place though you would have got more relevant advice. An internet appication (unless running under a VPN or similar) obviously cannot use windows authentication, so your choices become more limited.
Bob
Ashfield Consultants Ltd
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At the beginning I didnt know i was going to use that :P
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Hi can anybody tell me how i determine the Type of a null-Reference ?
MyClass mc = null;
mc.GetType()
typeof(mc)
I just want to know the Type of "mc" when it is null.
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Hmmm,
what about using the statement "is"?
if(mc is MyClass) {
}
Does this work? Just a guess.
Sebastian
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no this doesn't work
<code>( ( ( MyClass ) null ) is MyClass )</code> returns false.
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How can you possibly call a method in an object if it's null?
"Why don't you tie a kerosene-soaked rag around your ankles so the ants won't climb up and eat your candy ass..." - Dale Earnhardt, 1997
-----
"...the staggering layers of obscenity in your statement make it a work of art on so many levels." - Jason Jystad, 10/26/2001
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John Simmons / outlaw programmer wrote: How can you possibly call a method in an object if it's null?
When it is a crazy extension method[^]
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Interesting! I never considerd using extension methods for that sort of stuff, as you say in the blog, probably not the best idea though.
The OP could do this then:
public static class Extensions
{
public static Type GetTypeIfNull(this MyClass instance)
{
return typeof(MyClass);
}
}
DaveBTW, in software, hope and pray is not a viable strategy. (Luc Pattyn)Visual Basic is not used by normal people so we're not covering it here. (Uncyclopedia)
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no such thing but i thought there would be some reflection methode wich can tell me this
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You can't.
A null object doesn't have a type, that's why it throws an exception. Reflection is for viewing the runtime state of objects and during runtime a null object is null and has no type.
If you need a Type object, you can use typeof(MyClass).
It's like asking if a pen is made from plastic or metal before it's been made. You can't. You can ask afterwards. But before, all you can do is look at the construction materials in the blueprint for a PlasticPen or a MetalPen (the classes), you don't know which it is until after you've created it.
Simon
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Correct. I gave you 5. As in the rating, not the gesture.
I can give you 5 as in the gesture if you like though: *holds up palm*
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Thanks.
*slaps raised palm* 
Simon
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Glad you didn't leave me hanging 
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One thing no one really addressed is why you need to be able to do this? What is the problem you are trying to solve where you think you need to know the type of a null object?
Scott Dorman Microsoft® MVP - Visual C# | MCPD
President - Tampa Bay IASA
[ Blog][ Articles][ Forum Guidelines]
Hey, hey, hey. Don't be mean. We don't have to be mean because, remember, no matter where you go, there you are. - Buckaroo Banzai
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Hi All
I have send keys to the application(other) which i have started using my windows form .
By using API and managed code SetForeGroundWindow.. and SendKeys.Send...
This is working fine.But while my application sends keys if a user click on any other window then that(window on which user clicked) get the keys not the window for which it was meant.
So i had to chose other way.
Now I am using SendMeassage API and I want to send a Key to that application
[DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
public static extern int SendMessage(int hWnd, int Msg, int wParam,int lParam);
I have got the handle(hwnd) of the window to which i want to send a key(for here say F1 key)
public const WM_KEYDOWN =0x100; /which is one of the possible value of msg
/Here It is for keydown event.
public const VK_F1=0x70;
// it is a virtual key code for F1 to be passed in wparam
For lparam i have following inf
lParam
Specifies the repeat count, scan code, extended-key flag, context code, previous key-state flag, and transition-state flag, as shown in the following table.
0-15
Specifies the repeat count for the current message. The value is the number of times the keystroke is autorepeated as a result of the user holding down the key. If the keystroke is held long enough, multiple messages are sent. However, the repeat count is not cumulative.
16-23
Specifies the scan code. The value depends on the OEM.
24
Specifies whether the key is an extended key, such as the right-hand ALT and CTRL keys that appear on an enhanced 101- or 102-key keyboard. The value is 1 if it is an extended key; otherwise, it is 0.
25-28
Reserved; do not use.
29
Specifies the context code. The value is always 0 for a WM_KEYDOWN message.
30
Specifies the previous key state. The value is 1 if the key is down before the message is sent, or it is zero if the key is up.
31
Specifies the transition state. The value is always zero for a WM_KEYDOWN message.
Return Value
An application should return zero if it processes this message.
I do not know how to pass lparam to the function.
Note:I have set 0x00 for lparam and i am gettingreturn value 0 which i had stored in a variable.This means the message was processed by the window according to return value condition above.But I did not saw any Help window of that application.
Please guide in using lparam particularly for case of KeyDown msg of F1
Thanks
THE SK
(Sandeep Kalra)
"I am the One"
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In this case, lparam is a 32 bit value that contains a 16 bit int, an 8 bit int, a 1 bit bool, a 4 bit reserved block, then 3 1 bit bools.
0-15 16-23 24 25-28 29 30 31
[16 bit int] [8 bit int] [bool] [reserved] [bool][bool][bool]
0000000000000000 00000000 0 0000 0 0 0
Combined to form a 32 bit (binary) value.
00000000000000000000000000000000
If you want to pass something into one of these you need to work out where in the bit string the value needs to go, and then combine it to form a 32 bit value you can pass.
But I don't think you need to be passing anything on the lparam. none of them look like they are needed. I would instead suggest that you probably need to send a wm_keyup message aftwards. A lot of apps only respond to keydown when it is followed by a keyup message.
Simon
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Hi
Now I have used SendMessage API for both WM_KEYDOWN and WM_KEYUP . But still nothing happens.
I have also included SecurityPermission for unmanaged code.
I am not getting any warning or errors.I have already tried 0 as value for lparam but nothing happens no exception no warning etc.
Please guide
THE SK
(Sandeep Kalra)
"I am the One"
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Then you are doing something wrong.
Does the app you are sending the key two definitely handle F1 key presses?
Are you sending the correct code for the F1 key?
Try writing your own app to receive a key down/up message for the F1 and check it works. That will check that you are doing the sending correctly. If you are, then maybe the receiving app isn't handling keyup/down messages.
Simon
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Hi
Thats the Internet Explorer to which I am sending F1 key.It responds to F1 key if i press it on keyboard.
Is it really the case that IE donot responds to WM_KEYUP or WM_KEYDOWN events.I have tried for WM_CLOSE and for quit too but it did not worked.
I am trying to find.
THE SK
(Sandeep Kalra)
"I am the One"
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Sandeep Kalra wrote: I have tried for WM_CLOSE and for quit too but it did not worked
Then like I said. You are doing something wrong.
Simon
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How do you know you're sending the messages to the right window?
Mark Salsbery
Microsoft MVP - Visual C++
![Java | [Coffee]](https://www.codeproject.com/script/Forums/Images/coffee.gif)
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I have the handle of that window to which i wanted to send the message.
I have also found that the PostMessage API which has same parameters as that of SendMessage ,is working fine.
Declared this above in code
[DllImport("user32.dll",EnteryPoint="PostMessage"]
public static extern bool PostMessage(int hwnd,int msg,int wparam,int lparam)
[DllImport("user32.dll",EnteryPoint="SendMessage"]
public static extern int SendMessage(int hwnd,int msg,int wparam,int lparam)
I am transferribg same parameters to the PostMessage and SendMessage by declaring them public ,on two different button_click event on my form
Button with a PostMessage is working fine.But button_click with SendMessage is not working at all.I am not getting any warning, error or runtime errror.
Also found that WM_KILLFOCUS,WM_QUIT are not working on PostMessage.However WM_CLOSE ,WM_KEYDOWN,WM_KEYUP worked fine.
I do not know whats wrong(sure not coding).Please suggest.
And I also want to know whic among SendMessage and PostMessage is more reliable
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To make a lParam integer, try this:
public int MakeLParam(int loWord, int hiWord)
{
return ((hiWord << 16) + loWord);
}
public int MakeWParam(int loWord, int hiWord)
{
return ((hiWord << 16) + loWord);
}
Now, all you have to do is construct the two parts of the lParam value, and pass them into one of those functions.
You may also want to look at this page:
http://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32/SendInput.html[^]
As usual, a little googling would have saved you *and us* HOURS of time.
[EDIT] and the univoter strikes again. I provide an answer and get 1'd. How f***ing pathetic.
"Why don't you tie a kerosene-soaked rag around your ankles so the ants won't climb up and eat your candy ass..." - Dale Earnhardt, 1997
-----
"...the staggering layers of obscenity in your statement make it a work of art on so many levels." - Jason Jystad, 10/26/2001
modified on Tuesday, October 14, 2008 7:06 AM
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