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Pulled this description of CType from a .NET forum:
Q: What are the differences between Ctype and (cint,cstr,cool,etc...)
S: VB.NET
A: The Ctype keyword is used to perform an explicit conversion also known as casting, the Ctype keyword when used will also check for a valid destination data type or an error will occur, such as converting a long to integer. The other keywords Cint, Cbool,etc do not check for valid data types and they are about 3 times faster than Ctype because the code is included in the MSIL.
i think it is not relevant to the problem. SetSystemTime has one parameter sent to it and it is a datatype which is the structure which the program defined as SYSTEMTIME. When i trace the code stopping at the
"result = SetSystemTime(timeStru);" statement in both VB and C#, i can see the data that is parsed to it. The actual time and date fields are the same. The top level of the structures are a little different though. it is easy to test my code as i pasted most of it. Only needs a few using statements and a small wrapper to get it going. i'll supply the whole lot if asked for.
benny
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You have to ref the SYSTEMTIME structure. VB is passing a reference to it, but you're passing its value. The SetSystemTime API requires a SYSTEMTIME* (pointer to a SYSTEMTIME struct), so your P/Invoke declaration should look like:
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetSystemTime(ref SYSTEMTIME systime);Also, you do not typically make P/Invoke methods public because it creates holes in your application that could be used to corrupt the system or your application. Besides, do you want to create that struct every time you want to call it? A better method would be to expose a public method that takes a DateTime, does the conversion and calls the private P/Invoke method above. You've already done this, but you should make your P/Invoke method private, not public. It's all about encapsulation.
Microsoft MVP, Visual C#
My Articles
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Thanks Heath,
Had totally missed the ref bit. Changed the declaration to what you suggested and then there were compile errors on the SetSystemTime call. Changed it to ” result = SetSystemTime(ref timeStru);” and also changed the result from int to bool. It works now. The reason for P/Invoke being public was that I cut and pasted it from a forum. My technique in building applications is to write and test little functions separately before moulding them into the final source. So these little stubs are often a bit sloppy.
Thanks again
benny
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Hey guys,
I would like to know if there is any way by which I can capture the output of an console application before it exits.
I have an console application which runs continuously and never exits unless killed. While running it generates output on the action done on a perticular file. That is it keeps a watch on a perticular file. I want to capture those console outputs real time.
But the problem is StandardOutput property of the System.Diagnostics.Process class doesn't work till the called process exits from the Main.
If anybody has any solution then please let me know.
thanks in advance...
Aryadip Guha Niyogi
Cheers !! and have a Funky day !!
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You can always use good old redirection (i dunno if process supports this however) eg my.exe >> myexe.log, and then use a 'tail' util to monitor the output.
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Hi Leppie,
Thanks man...
I made it possible, actually there was some problem with the invoked application.
thanks again.
regards,
Aryadip
Cheers !! and have a Funky day !!
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Hi everyone, i'm having a bit of an architectural crisis.
I want to start an application that is layered. I cannot use datasets, only an object model. I want the following layers: DAL, Common, Services, facade(not nessessary), and web/webservices.
Where do i put the object model (objects like customer, questionlists, employees,...). In the common layer so i can get filled employee's out of the DAL or do i put the OM in the services layer and fill them there?
The first has the advantage that i only need my update delete and insert take 1 parameter (employee) otherwise with the OM in the services layer i need my DAL funtions to take all the parameters.
What do you do?
Thank you
Jan Vercauteren.
OVERVIEW
-----------------------------|---------------|
| DAL | |
-----------------------------| |
| SERVICES | COMMON |
|----------------------------| |
| FACADE | |
|----------------------------| |
| GUI (web) | |
|----------------------------|---------------|
www.agilis.be
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Hmmm...4 tier architecture? What is facade layer, anyways?
Jan Vercauteren wrote:
want to start an application that is layered. I cannot use datasets, only an object model. I want the following layers: DAL, Common, Services, facade(not nessessary), and web/webservices
What do you mean by common layer??
Well, you could use the collection objects in your services. You can combine objects and services in the service layer.
| WEB -- Front End | | WEB -- FACADE | | WEB -- SERVICES | COMMON | | WEB -- Front End |
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Hmmm...4 tier architecture? What is facade layer, anyways?
Jan Vercauteren wrote:
want to start an application that is layered. I cannot use datasets, only an object model. I want the following layers: DAL, Common, Services, facade(not nessessary), and web/webservices
What do you mean by common layer??
Well, you could use the collection objects in your services. You can combine objects and services in the service layer.
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Facade layer is a sort of "grouping" layer.
Lets say you have a customer and a orderEmployee.
A customer can add an order
a orderEmpoyee can add an order and approve orders.
You have an order object wich has the 2 functions + a couple of internal ones.
You create a customer facade with only te first operation in it and a orderEmployee facade with both in it.
This makes an application easier to secure and to understand for other people.
This looks not nessessary but if you have 10+ roles and 50 objects and then times the amount of functions witch are not all to be exposed to the client...
jan
www.agilis.be
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Hello Jan.
The major reason for a DAL is data abstraction; it should deliver data to your application in a data source-independant way. Your OM contains the data transport classes that the DAL uses to deliver data to the service layer, so the OM should rest inside the DAL. The DAL should also contain factory/accessor classes that connects to data sources, obtains data, instantiates OM classes and fills them with the data and delivers them to the service layer.
The "Common" is not needed.
Regards,
Björn Morén
Stockholm, Sweden
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Hi Björn
Thank you for the reply.
I asked this because msdn is screaming black and white about the subject of custom objects.
The say put the creation static in the objects, who then ask the dal to create them. Or put the objects in the DAL like you do. Or use a common layer.
Do you have an example or uml scheme?
Another question: Insert update and delete, are those methods inside the custom object?
Thank you
(to respond the the question above this post: a common layer holds classes that can be used in all layers)
www.agilis.be
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The deal with statics that's been on the MSDN site for a while is for a provider pattern. Basically, you have an abstract class with a static method that reads providers from, say, a .config file and creates instances of those classes (that derive from the abstract base class) and return the instance as an abstract base class, something like the following pseudo-code:
public abstract class DataProviderBase
{
public static DataProviderBase GetProvider()
{
return GetProviderFromConfig();
}
}There is an article posted recently on MSDN that goes into greater depth: Provider Model Design Pattern and Specification, Part 1[^].
Microsoft MVP, Visual C#
My Articles
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I just want to know where to put the object model (the classes like customers, orders, ...) in the n-tier model.
Common , Data or business layer. (on msdn they put datasets is the common.
thanks
Jan
www.agilis.be
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I'd prefer to put the object model you refer to in the DAL and use the provider pattern for those objects to get/set data in a data source (such as a database), effectively splitting up the data layer into two tiers (although that depends on your scope of a tier). The business layer typically defines how those objects interact with each other. Again, depending on your view of what comprises a tier, you might consider that those objects are either in the business layer or the data layer. Also keep in mind that N-tier isn't limited to 3 tiers.
For example, our next major version of our application that is currently being sketched out consists of many layers, such as a presentation layer, a business layer, a data objects layer coupled with a data provider layer, with a server layer to provide remotable data services for our implementation (while other companies can choose to override or replace whatever layer they want). It's a pretty fractured design, but a pretty big N-tier model allowing for maximum (IMO) extensibility.
Microsoft MVP, Visual C#
My Articles
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I'm sure there are many ways to solve this, and much has to do with taste.
For most applications I prefer a 3-tier solution: data, business and facade/presentation, but that is of course depending a lot on the scenario.
The data tier consists of two kinds of classes, none of them static:
1. The objects in the object model (usually maps to tables in a relational database). Those are very much like structures, with no logic in them, just data fields for transport. For example the Customer class. Take a look at xsd.exe to generate those out of schemas.
2. Factory/accessor classes that creates and delivers object model instances, or recieves object model instances. For example CustomerFactory (or CustomerDB if you don't like the "concrete factory" pattern analogy). Those classes contain logic for retrieving data and updating data. If the data resides in SQL server they handle connection objects and have all the insert, update and select in them (or SP's handle that). If the data comes from a web service, they contain web service consumer proxies etc.
Example of methods:
public Customer FindByCustomerID(int id)
public OperationResult Save(Customer[] customers)
I think the most important design decision for you to consider is that the data-tier should not be aware of the other tiers, and it shall reveal nothing about the actual data sources to the other tiers. It delivers the data to whoever needs it, period. Much more can be said about the details, and many books have been written on the subject. Good luck with your project.
Regards,
Björn Morén
Stockholm, Sweden
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Thanks Björn
I had just read the "mastering XDE book from sybex" It had an overview of different patterns but i just couldn't fit the puzzle together.
Now it's coming clear to me.
If you ever need a favor, just yell
Greets from Belgium
Jan
www.agilis.be
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using System;
namespace MBoard
{
///
/// Summary description for Class1.
///
public class Class1
{
public Class1()
{
string t;
int p;
t="11";
p= (int)t+1;
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(p);
}
static void Main()
{
Class1 c=new Class1();
}
}
}
OK!! here i want to result as 12, not 111.
How could i get it?
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Never mind!
Syntax
using System;
namespace MBoard
{
///
/// Summary description for Class1.
///
public class Class1
{
public Class1()
{
string t="123";
int p=1;
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(int.Parse(t) + p);
}
static void Main()
{
Class1 c=new Class1();
}
}
}
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You should put int.Parse, Convert.ToInt32, or whatever you use in a try/catch block. Never trust user input! Always validate user input and expect the unexpected, even in throw-away utility projects (practice makes perfect!). Not validating input is the most common reason for all the viruses and worms.
Microsoft MVP, Visual C#
My Articles
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Sorry to post a Crystal Report question in here, but I don't know where else to ask it, since I'm using it in C#. I have no problem passing datasets to my report...everything works fine. BUT...I can't seem to find a way of passing a simple variable into my report. I just want to print 2 separate dates on my report, that definitely doesn't require an entire dataset just for 2 dates...but I don't know how to put them in my report. The closest I've come is using a parameter field...but then I have to input the dates in that dialog box that pops up, and I don't like that. I just want to do it programmatically so the user never knows how it happened. Any ideas? Thanks
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Here is some howto (cut from visual studio help):
Parameter Fields Runtime Customization
You can support user input with parameters in Crystal reports. Such parameters can be used for a variety of purposes. For example:
Base a parameter on a database field and allow the user to specify values for that field to filter data in the report.
Apply conditional formatting to a report by using parameter fields.
Define sort order by using parameter fields.
The following example demonstrates how parameter field values can be set, through code, at runtime. It explains how to set two different parameters. The first is a multiple-value discrete parameter, and the second is a range value parameter.
To Modify Parameter Fields at Runtime
[C#]
ParameterFields paramFields = new ParameterFields ();<br />
ParameterField paramField = new ParameterField ();<br />
ParameterDiscreteValue discreteVal = new ParameterDiscreteValue ();<br />
ParameterRangeValue rangeVal = new ParameterRangeValue ();<br />
<br />
<br />
paramField.ParameterFieldName = "Customer Name";<br />
<br />
discreteVal.Value = "AIC Childrens";<br />
paramField.CurrentValues.Add (discreteVal);<br />
<br />
discreteVal = new ParameterDiscreteValue ();<br />
discreteVal.Value = "Aruba Sport";<br />
paramField.CurrentValues.Add (discreteVal);<br />
<br />
paramFields.Add (paramField);<br />
<br />
paramField = new ParameterField ();<br />
<br />
paramField.ParameterFieldName = "Customer ID";<br />
<br />
rangeVal.StartValue = 42;<br />
rangeVal.EndValue = 72;<br />
paramField.CurrentValues.Add (rangeVal);<br />
<br />
paramFields.Add (paramField);<br />
<br />
crystalReportViewer1.ParameterFieldInfo = paramFields;
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threre is 2 simple way :
1- using textobject for sending value to your report:
create textobject with TextTimeFrom name(or desired name) then
in your code set value for TextTimeFrom textobject
...C# code
((TextObject)ReportOne.ReportDefinition.ReportObjects["TextTimeFrom"]).Text = "12:25";
....
this value is placed on your report because textobject will be placed on report area
if you want to send parameter to conitional approach use formula field and you can place formula field object on your form or not!
second way byy using formula fields
2-
create one formula field with YearValue(or desired name,YearValue just is sample name) name and then set that value in your code like this :
...C# code
ReportOne.DataDefinition.FormulaFields["YearValue"].Text= "value;
(ReportOne is your report ReportDocument object)
....
you see it is very simple just with one line coding
enjoy of it
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I have written a user control, and displayed it on a web page. There is a server side application that is supposed to provide the user control the data. I can do this through setting a property of the user control. What I am stuck at is how to make the user control request data to the server side application.
A simple example. I have a user control with a label and a timer on it. On each timer tick, I want the user control to request the server side application to populate the label with the current time at the server.
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