C / C++ / MFC

// globals.h
#ifndef GLOBALS_H
#define GLOBALS_H

#ifdef GLOBALS_C
#  define MYGLOBAL_API
#else
#  define MYGLOBAL_API extern
#endif

MYGLOBAL_API int someMap[MAPSIZE_X][MAPSIZE_Y];

#undef MYGLOBAL_API // clean up - we won't need that symbol outside this header
#endif

// globals.c
#define GLOBALS_C // MYGLOBAL_API will be resolved to empty string
#include "globals.h" // defines the globals

// every_other_soucre_file.c
#include "globals.h" // declares the globals, but doesn't define them
//...

#define new DEBUG_NEW
int main()
{
  DWORD *pDW = new DWORD; //Line number 9
  return 0;
}

Detected memory leaks!
Dumping objects ->
{317} normal block at 0x002CFC40, 4 bytes long.
 Data: <    > CD CD CD CD 
Object dump complete.

Detected memory leaks!
Dumping objects ->
c:\users\rajesh r subramanian\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\test3\test3\test3dlg.cpp(9) : {317} normal block at 0x002DFC40, 4 bytes long. //See, the line numbers are mentioned
 Data: <    > CD CD CD CD 
Object dump complete.

typedef struct _S
{
	int a;
	std::string str;
}
S;

int main( void)
{
	std::vector<S> Vec;
	S s;
	s.a = 1; s.str = "hi";
	Vec.push_back(s);
	s.a = 2; s.str = "lol";
	Vec.push_back(s);
	s.a = 3; s.str = "nothing";
	Vec.push_back(s);

	std::vector<S>::iterator it;
	for(it = Vec.begin(); it != Vec.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << it->a << " : " << it->str.c_str() << endl;
	}

	for(unsigned int i = 0; i < Vec.size(); i++)
	{
		Vec[i].str = "BOOM!";
	}

	for(it = Vec.begin(); it != Vec.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << it->a << " : " << it->str.c_str() << endl;
	}
}

std::vector<S>::iterator it;
for(it = Vec.begin(); it != Vec.end(); it++)
{
	cout << "Before: "<< it->a << " : " << it->str.c_str() << endl;
	it->str = "New string value";
	cout << "After: "<< it->a << " : " << it->str.c_str() << endl;
}

std::map<int, struct S>

#include <vector> // std::vector
#include <algorithm> //std::find()
struct S {
  int a;
  std::string b;
  bool operator==(const S& s) const {
    return s.a==a;
  }
  S(int a_) : a(a_) {} // constructor, just for convenience
  S(int a_, std::string b_) : a(a_), b(b_) {} // constructor, even more convenient
}

int main() {
  // ...
  std::vector<S> s;
  s.push_back(S(1, "hi"));
  // ...
  s.push_back(S(10, "hello"));

  std::vector<S>::iterator location = std::find(s.begin(), s.end(), 5); // finds element with a==5
  std::string result;
  if (location != s.end(); // found something?
    result = location->b;
}

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