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I would like to show a WinForms MessageBox centered on top of another application's (TortoiseGit) "sub"-form, i.e. a form (the TortoiseGit checkout form) on top of the main form (the TortoiseGit log window). I am able to successfully find the process (TortoiseGitProc) and from there I can successfully get a MainWindowHandle to the main form, but how do get from there to the "sub"-form (the TortoiseGit checkout form)?
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When I use the code from PINVOKE: Getting all child handles of window · Software adventures and thoughts[^] to get all the children, I get 30 pointers. When I then log the Window texts using the following
List<IntPtr> allChildWindows = new WindowHandleInfo(parentMainWindowHandle).GetAllChildHandles();
for (int i = 0; i < allChildWindows.Count; i++)
{
StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder(1024);
GetClassName(allChildWindows[i], sb2, sb2.Capacity);
sb2 = new StringBuilder(1024);
GetWindowText(allChildWindows[i], sb2, sb2.Capacity);
Debug.WriteLine(sb2.ToString());
}
then I get mostly empty strings, but I do get some strings that appears to come from the main form's (not the "sub"-form's) components (buttons, labels, etc), e.g. "<all branches="">", "Help", "Refresh", "Walk Be&haviour", "&View", "OK", etc. What am I doing wrong, why do I get pointers to the main form's components and not to the "sub"-form?
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Window 000C0678 "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit" #32770 (Dialog)
Window 000B0670 "" ScrollBar
Window 00070482 "Switch To" Button
Window 001D065E "&Branch" Button
Window 000B01AE "" ComboBoxEx32
Window 0004036E "ⴀ辘ȡ" ComboBox
Window 0017069A "..." Button
Window 001303D2 "&Tag" Button
Window 000B04DE "" ComboBoxEx32
Window 001105D4 "" ComboBox
Window 00190620 "&Commit" Button
Window 000F06D8 "c288b35fcabf74c51270fff36db3387517beda53" ComboBoxEx32
Window 001406CE "Ɒ辘ȡ" ComboBox
Window 001005CE "c288b35fcabf74c51270fff36db3387517beda53" Edit
Window 00220458 "..." Button
Window 00170604 "Option" Button
Window 000E0684 "Create &New Branch" Button
Window 002503EA "Branch_c288b35f" Edit
Window 00390628 "Overwrite working tree changes (&force)" Button
Window 004404EE "&Merge" Button
Window 00300666 "T&rack" Button
Window 0040045C "&Override branch if exists" Button
Window 001404DC "OK" Button
Window 0008025E "Cancel" Button
Window 00220396 "Help" Button
Window 00040616 "C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" #32770 (Dialog)
Window 000D04E6 "" Static
Window 002A0602 "" Static
Window 00040622 "master" Static
Window 002204CA "From:" Static
Window 001104C2 "2020-07-31" SysDateTimePick32
Window 001904A4 "To:" Static
Window 001A0496 "2020-07-31" SysDateTimePick32
Window 000F0560 "" Edit
Window 00080638 "Author Email" ComboBox
Window 000F01F2 "" Button
Window 001904B0 "" Button
Window 00190498 "" SysListView32
Window 00150422 "" SysHeader32
Window 00350426 "SHA-1: c288b35fcabf74c51270fff36db3387517beda53
* 1
" RICHEDIT50W
Window 005B04E4 "" Static
Window 001104F0 "" SysListView32
Window 0013045E "" SysHeader32
Window 004A06CA "Showing 2 revision(s), from revision c288b35f to revision b7a040a4 - 1 revision(s) selected, 0 file(s) selected; line: 1(+) 0(-) files: modified = 0 added = 1 deleted = 0 replaced = 0" Edit
Window 0017060A "Show &Whole Project" Button
Window 001705FC "&All Branches" Button
Window 00290424 "" Edit
Window 00460660 "Help" Button
Window 0019048C "Refresh" Button
Window 004A065C "S&tatistics" Button
Window 000D036A "Walk Be&haviour" Button
Window 00160492 "&View" Button
Window 0016048E "OK" Button
Window 004B069E "OK" Button
Window 0024064A "" msctls_progress32
Window 0004061A "" ScrollBar So, it seems the Switch/Checkout window is not a child or a "sub" form of the Log Message window, they certainly seem to be on the same level (both are "sibling parents"?). So, I guess I'm back to square one. Does anybody know how I can find the Switch/Checkout window instead of the Log Message window? When I obtain a MainWindowHandle from the process name (TortoiseGitProc) it returns a pointer to the Log Message window. Does anybody know what I should do?
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Keep doing what you're doing; that's what it's all about. The documented and the undocumented. Maybe it's using a cloaking device. Sounds like a security hole otherwise. ("Masking")
automation - Enumerating Windows/Controls of another application from .Net - Stack Overflow
It was only in wine that he laid down no limit for himself, but he did not allow himself to be confused by it.
― Confucian Analects: Rules of Confucius about his food
modified 31-Jul-20 18:51pm.
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Isn't this the window you want?
arnold_w wrote: Window 000C0678 "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit" #32770 (Dialog)
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Yes, absolutely. But I don't want to have to use Spy++ to find it, I want to be able to find it in my C# application, but the C# application appears to find this window instead:
Window 00040616 "C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" #32770 (Dialog) It would be ok if I can find both, but then I would need to somehow obtain the heading strings ("C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" and "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit") so that I have a way to distinguish which window (or actually, dialog) is which.
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Instead of using Process.MainWindowHandle (which only returns the "C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" window) I guess I could iterate through all windows using the technique described in Winforms-How can I make MessageBox appear centered on MainForm? - Stack Overflow[^]. However, when I do so and log the window texts, I never find the strings "C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" and "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit":
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetWindowText",
ExactSpelling = false, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpWindowText, int nMaxCount);
private bool checkWindow(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lp)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(260);
GetClassName(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
StringBuilder strbTitle = new StringBuilder(255);
int nLength = GetWindowText(hWnd, strbTitle, strbTitle.Capacity + 1);
string strTitle = strbTitle.ToString();
Debug.WriteLine("The window text is: " + strTitle);
if (sb.ToString() != "#32770")
{
return true;
}
return true; The strings I find appear to be much more low-level, e.g "Form1", "MSCTFIME UI", "Default IME", etc. Does anybody know which function I should use instead to obtain the window headings, "C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit" and "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit"?
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This is kind of a side point, but I see that your CheckWindow function will return true in any circumstance.
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Yes, I added the line
return true; on purpose because I wanted to log all window texts. My goals was to find the particular window that has the window text "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit", but all I found was windows having window texts such as "Form1", "MSCTFIME UI" and "Default IME".
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That's pretty much what I already do, I am able to get a bunch of windows but I can't tell which one corresponds to
Window 000C0678 "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit" #32770 (Dialog) because I can't find any window that has the heading "C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit" using GetWindowText.
Now, on the other hand, the pure C# (no win32 pinvoke involved) property Process.MainWindowTitle seems to return the proper string, but I can only apply it to the de facto main window ("C:\DummyRepo - Log Messages - TortoiseGit"), not to the "secondary sibling"-window ("C:\DummyRepo - Switch/Checkout - TortoiseGit").
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That's not what you're already doing. You must be looking at the first answer to the question.
Look at the SECOND answer to the question on that page.
The second answer uses the function EnumThreadWindows.
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Ahhh, you mean this:
const uint WM_GETTEXT = 0x000D;
StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder(1000);
SendMessage(handle, WM_GETTEXT, message.Capacity, message); Yes, that works great!!! Thank you! This is the complete code:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
WindowWrapper parentForm = ProcessWindowsHelper.getHandleToAnotherProcessWindow("TortoiseGitProc", "Switch/Checkout");
MessageBoxEx.Show(parentForm, "Hello on top of TortoiseGit Switch/Checkout dialog");
}
}
public class ProcessWindowsHelper
{
private delegate bool EnumThreadWndProc(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lp);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool EnumThreadWindows(int tid, EnumThreadWndProc callback, IntPtr lp);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint Msg, int wParam, StringBuilder lParam);
delegate bool EnumThreadDelegate(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam);
private const uint WM_GETTEXT = 0x000D;
public static WindowWrapper getHandleToAnotherProcessWindow(string processName, string substringInAnotherProcessWindow)
{
Process myProcess = findProcessByName(processName);
IEnumerable<IntPtr> allHandlesInMyProcess = EnumerateProcessWindowHandles(myProcess.Id);
foreach (IntPtr handle in allHandlesInMyProcess)
{
StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder(1000);
SendMessage(handle, WM_GETTEXT, message.Capacity, message);
if (message.ToString().Contains(substringInAnotherProcessWindow))
{
Debug.WriteLine(message);
return new WindowWrapper(handle);
}
}
return null;
}
private static IEnumerable<IntPtr> EnumerateProcessWindowHandles(int processId)
{
List<IntPtr> handles = new List<IntPtr>();
ProcessThreadCollection processThreadCollection = Process.GetProcessById(processId).Threads;
for (int i = 0; i < processThreadCollection.Count; i++)
{
ProcessThread thread;
thread = processThreadCollection[i];
EnumThreadWindows(thread.Id,
delegate(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam)
{
handles.Add(hWnd);
return true;
},
IntPtr.Zero);
}
return handles;
}
private static Process findProcessByName(string processName)
{
Process[] allProcesses = Process.GetProcesses();
for (int j = 0; j < allProcesses.Length; j++)
{
if (allProcesses[j].ProcessName.Equals(processName))
{
return allProcesses[j];
}
}
return null;
}
}
public class WindowWrapper : IWin32Window
{
public WindowWrapper(IntPtr handle)
{
_hwnd = handle;
}
public IntPtr Handle
{
get { return _hwnd; }
}
private IntPtr _hwnd;
}The class MessageBoxEx can be found here: Parent centered MessageBox dialog in C# · GitHub[^]
modified 1-Aug-20 9:49am.
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Glad you got it sorted! 😉
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Well, I guess no joy lasts forever... In case somebody is using bash.exe instead of TortoiseGit to Switch/Checkout, then I wanted to do the same thing with bash.exe as the parent form. But when I call
parentForm = ProcessWindowsHelper.getHandleToAnotherProcessWindow("bash", "MING")then it seems the handles list inside the EnumerateProcessWindowHandles method doesn't get any elements.
private static IEnumerable<IntPtr> EnumerateProcessWindowHandles(int processId)
{
List<IntPtr> handles = new List<IntPtr>();
ProcessThreadCollection processThreadCollection = Process.GetProcessById(processId).Threads;
for (int i = 0; i < processThreadCollection.Count; i++)
{
ProcessThread thread;
thread = processThreadCollection[i];
EnumThreadWindows(thread.Id,
delegate(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam)
{
handles.Add(hWnd);
return true;
},
IntPtr.Zero);
}
return handles;
}
The call to Process.GetProcessById(processId).Threads returns 3 threads, but nothing gets added to the handles list. Does anybody know why?
When I look at the information in Spy++ I see the following:
Window OOOA9B72 "MINGW64:/c/dummyRepo" mintty Windows Properties, General tab:
Window Caption: MINGW64:/c/dummyRepo
Window Handle: OOOA9B72
Window Proc: (Unavailable)(Unicode)
Rectangle: (86, 89)-(681, 466), 595x377
Restored Rect: (86, 89)-(681, 466), 595x377
Client Rect: (8, 31)-(570, 369), 562x338
Instance Handle 00400000
Menu Handle 00000000
User Data 00000000
Windows Bytes:
modified 1-Aug-20 10:15am.
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Have you stepped through it in the debugger?
Does it find the correct process?
Which line of code is failing?
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Yes, I stepped it. I first rewrote the method EnumerateProcessWindowHandles according to this:
private static List<IntPtr> handles;
private static IEnumerable<IntPtr> EnumerateProcessWindowHandles(int processId)
{
handles = new List<IntPtr>();
ProcessThreadCollection processThreadCollection = Process.GetProcessById(processId).Threads;
for (int i = 0; i < processThreadCollection.Count; i++)
{
ProcessThread thread;
thread = processThreadCollection[i];
EnumThreadWindows(thread.Id, myDelegate, IntPtr.Zero);
}
return handles;
}
private static bool myDelegate(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam)
{
handles.Add(hWnd);
return true;
}So, something seems to go wrong inside the call to EnumThreadWindows, but that's a Win32 function and I don't know how to put a breakpoint inside it or how to step through it.
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You need to put a breakpoint inside the "myDelegate" callback to see if ANY windows are being found, not just ones that match your substring.
But first, verify that it is indeed finding the correct process. Compare the ProcessId to the one shown by Task Manager.
EDIT: I'm sorry I didn't see that you had already tried the breakpoint inside the callback.
The only thing I can think of at this moment is to make sure it is finding the correct process.
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
modified 1-Aug-20 11:49am.
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It is finding the right bash.exe process (there is only 1 running) and it successfully finds its 3 threads. As you said, the filtering with the substrings happens later and by then there are no handles at all to filter.
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I have one last thing. I'm not familiar with bash, is it a command line program?
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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Yes, I think it's some kind of command prompt that is standard for Unix systems, but it exists for Windows also. I've seen some of my colleagues (those that prefer typing over interacting with GUI:s) type
$ git.exe checkout develop when they want to checkout in Git.
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Bingo! That must be why you're not finding any Windows.
I can think of two possibilities at this point.
1. It might be that you need to find bash's parent process and enumerate the windows of that process instead.
2. It might be that the Linux Subsystem is interfering somehow.
The difficult we do right away...
...the impossible takes slightly longer.
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When I closed my bash.exe command prompt, I could see that the following processes disappeared: backgroundTaskHost, bash, conhost, git-bash, mintty and RuntimeBroker. When I tried mintty instead of bash, then it worked great! Again, thanks for your help!
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