You cant do that. You need to create a subquery, temp table or CTE. Please see below:
;WITH CTE
AS
(
SELECT *, RANK() OVER (ORDER BY td.NameRss) as myrank FROM tblData td
left join tblRss tr on td.NameRss=tr.RssAdress
)
Select *
FROM CTE
where CTE.myrank <=10
OR
select *
from
(
SELECT *, RANK() OVER (ORDER BY td.NameRss) as myrank FROM tblData td
left join tblRss tr on td.NameRss=tr.RssAdress
) t
where t.myrank <=10