C / C++ / MFC

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Are there programmers that are currently using machine code and Assembly?

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If yes, why?

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So You Want To Be A Malware Analyst - Malwarebytes Labs | Malwarebytes Labs[^]

In order for a Malware Analyst to be able to read the malware code, they will need to disassemble it. Unfortunately, the highest language derived from binary code is Assembly, which is the last level of human readable code. Therefore, it is imperative that a would-be Malware Analyst, also learn how to read and write Assembly code.

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1.1 Reasons for using assembly code
Assembly coding is not used as much today as previously. However, there are still reasons
for learning and using assembly code. The main reasons are:

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If yes, are there many programmers that are currently using machine code and Assembly?

If yes, why?

class CLASS_I2CIO {
public:
	CLASS_I2CIO();
	CLASS_I2CIO(char Device, int Address);
	CLASS_I2CIO(int width, int length, int height)
		        : m_width(width), m_length(length), m_height(height)
		    {}

	CLASS_I2CIO(char *x1, int y1); // :

this is the one which fails 
	CLASS_I2CIO(char *x1, int y1, int Width, int Height);

private:
    char *device;
    int address;
    int width, height;

public:
	virtual ~CLASS_I2CIO();
	int FileDescriptor = 0;

	// class variables
	__u8 reg;  /* Device register to access */
	__s32 res;
	char buffer[10]= { }; // clear buffer  - was not initialized

CLASS_I2CIO(char Device, int Address);

class C_VNA {
   C_VNA();
   ...
   CLASS_I2CIO   i2c_ads1115_test; // just declaring the type of the member variable here
};
...
// constructors
// initialize the class members here (only needed when not using default constructor)
C_VNA::C_VNA()
 : i2c_ads1115_test(DEVICE_I2C,ADDRESS_ADS) 
{
   // more initialization code
}

Stefan_Lang wrote:

had to remove tags - for some reason they are not working!?

Vaclav_ wrote:

The error "points " to #define which is redefined in this class - temporary for test purposes.

#include "spi.h" // #defines DEVICE_SPI, etc

 #define DEVICE_SPI_"dev/spidev0.0" // Temporary define 

class C_VNA {
    // ...
};

#ifdef DEVICE_SPI
#define ORIG_DEVICE_SPI DEVICE_SPI
#undef DEVICE_SPI
#endif
#define DEVICE_SPI "dev/spidev0.0"
// your code here that uses the temporary DEVICE_SPI

#ifdef ORIG_DEVICE_SPI
#undef DEVICE_SPI
#define DEVICE_SPI ORIG_DEVICE_SPI
#undef  ORIG_DEVICE_SPI
#endif

CLASS_I2CIO   i2c_ads1115(DEVICE_I2C,ADDRESS_ADS);

CLASS_I2CIO   i2c_ads1115_test(const char* DEVICE_I2C, int ADDRESS_ADS);

CPallini wrote:

I would keep it simple: an unsigned cannot be less than zero, full stop.

Member 14088880 wrote:

So implicitly an unsigned int is not capable of an access violation Below / before an array's first element given the pointer arithmetic. All that being said it does not seem at all necessary to test it.

void myfunction(int array[], unsigned int count)
{
    for (unsigned x = 0; x < count; x++)
        ...
}

myfunction(array, -1);

#include <stdio.h>

//void print_iterator(int integer_array[], int index)
void print_iterator(int integer_array[], unsigned int index)
{
	unsigned int i;

	if(index < 0)
	{
		printf("Index violation!\n");
		return;
	}
	else
		printf("Passed index validation: %d, as %u\n", index, index);

	for(i = 0; i < index; i++)
	{
//		printf("%d\t", integer_array[i]);

		if(i == 20)
		{
			printf("Loop overrun, undefined behavior\n");
			return;
		}
	}
}

main()
{
	int ints[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
 
	print_iterator(ints, -1);
}

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Passed index validation: -1, as 4294967295
Loop overrun, undefined behavior
Press any key to continue . . .

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Index violation!
Press any key to continue . . .