Convert RTF to Plain Text (Revised Again)

NightWizzard

Rate me:

4.91/5 (15 votes)

9 Apr 2016CPOL1 min read

268.2K

100

Handling for hex expressions and the trailing '}'

Introduction

Most solutions to convert RTF to plain text with pure T-SQL don't handle special characters like German umlauts and all the other special characters above ASCII(128) because they are not embedded in RTF tags but noted as escaped hex values. Also most of these solutions leave a trailing '}' at the end of the converted text. This revised procedure will solve these problems.

Background

Searching the web for a T-SQL procedure to convert RTF-formatted text to plain text, you'll find a lot of matches. Mainly, there are 2 methods described: the first one uses the RichtextCtrl control with the need to reconfigure SQL server settings to allow access to OLE/COM which might be a problem in environments with high security guidelines (e.g. http://www.experts-exchange.com/Database/MS-SQL-Server/Q_27633014.html). The second one will be found in some slightly different versions which all produce results with restrictions as described above (e.g. http://www.sqlteam.com/forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=90034).

Using the Code

Add the following SQL function to your database:

USE [<YourDatabaseNameHere>]
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[RTF2Text]
(
    @rtf nvarchar(max)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @Pos1 int;
    DECLARE @Pos2 int;
    DECLARE @hex varchar(316);
    DECLARE @Stage table
    (
        [Char] char(1),
        [Pos] int
    );

    INSERT @Stage
        (
           [Char]
         , [Pos]
        )
    SELECT SUBSTRING(@rtf, [Number], 1)
         , [Number]
      FROM [master]..[spt_values]
     WHERE ([Type] = 'p')
       AND (SUBSTRING(@rtf, Number, 1) IN ('{', '}'));

    SELECT @Pos1 = MIN([Pos])
         , @Pos2 = MAX([Pos])
      FROM @Stage;

    DELETE
      FROM @Stage
     WHERE ([Pos] IN (@Pos1, @Pos2));

    WHILE (1 = 1)
        BEGIN
            SELECT TOP 1 @Pos1 = s1.[Pos]
                 , @Pos2 = s2.[Pos]
              FROM @Stage s1
                INNER JOIN @Stage s2 ON s2.[Pos] > s1.[Pos]
             WHERE (s1.[Char] = '{')
               AND (s2.[Char] = '}')
            ORDER BY s2.[Pos] - s1.[Pos];

            IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0
                BREAK

            DELETE
              FROM @Stage
             WHERE ([Pos] IN (@Pos1, @Pos2));

            UPDATE @Stage
               SET [Pos] = [Pos] - @Pos2 + @Pos1 - 1
             WHERE ([Pos] > @Pos2);

            SET @rtf = STUFF(@rtf, @Pos1, @Pos2 - @Pos1 + 1, '');
        END

    SET @rtf = REPLACE(@rtf, '\pard', '');
    SET @rtf = REPLACE(@rtf, '\par', '');
    SET @rtf = STUFF(@rtf, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @rtf), '');

    WHILE (Right(@rtf, 1) IN (' ', CHAR(13), CHAR(10), '}'))
      BEGIN
        SELECT @rtf = SUBSTRING(@rtf, 1, (LEN(@rtf + 'x') - 2));
        IF LEN(@rtf) = 0 BREAK
      END
    
    SET @Pos1 = CHARINDEX('\''', @rtf);

    WHILE @Pos1 > 0
        BEGIN
            IF @Pos1 > 0
                BEGIN
                    SET @hex = '0x' + SUBSTRING(@rtf, @Pos1 + 2, 2);
                    SET @rtf = REPLACE(@rtf, SUBSTRING(@rtf, @Pos1, 4), _
CHAR(CONVERT(int, CONVERT (binary(1), @hex,1))));
                    SET @Pos1 = CHARINDEX('\''', @rtf);
                END
        END

    SET @rtf = @rtf + ' ';

    SET @Pos1 = PATINDEX('%\%[0123456789][\ ]%', @rtf);

    WHILE @Pos1 > 0
        BEGIN
            SET @Pos2 = CHARINDEX(' ', @rtf, @Pos1 + 1);

            IF @Pos2 < @Pos1
                SET @Pos2 = CHARINDEX('\', @rtf, @Pos1 + 1);

            IF @Pos2 < @Pos1
                BEGIN
                    SET @rtf = SUBSTRING(@rtf, 1, @Pos1 - 1);
                    SET @Pos1 = 0;
                END
            ELSE
                BEGIN
                    SET @rtf = STUFF(@rtf, @Pos1, @Pos2 - @Pos1 + 1, '');
                    SET @Pos1 = PATINDEX('%\%[0123456789][\ ]%', @rtf);
                END
        END

    IF RIGHT(@rtf, 1) = ' '
        SET @rtf = SUBSTRING(@rtf, 1, LEN(@rtf) -1);

    RETURN @rtf;
END

When copying the above code to SQL don't forget to remove the underscore (wich is only required in codeproject to break long lines)!

To convert any RTF-formatted content, call the function above passing the RTF content as parameter of type nvarchar(max):

SQL

SELECT [<YourRTFColumnNameHere>]
     , [dbo].[RTF2Text]([<YourRTFColumnNameHere>]) AS [TextFromRTF]
  FROM [dbo].[<YourDatabaseNameHere>]

The function returns the converted text as nvarchar(max) too.

More improvements may be added. If you find any RTF part that isn't covered by the function above, please drop a line here.

Thanks

Thanks to all the authors in the web that have posted their solutions until now and therefore deserve the applause. I simply enhanced these solutions to complete the basic conversion.

Thanks also to all users here posting their tips to make the procedure more robust.

License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The Code Project Open License (CPOL)

Written By

NightWizzard

Software Developer (Senior)

Germany

30+ years experience as developer with VB.NET, VB, VBA, VBScript, C#, WPF, WinForms, JavaScript, jQuery, PHP, Delphi, ADO, ADO.NET, ASP.NET, Silverlight, HTML, CSS, XAML, XML, T-SQL, MySQL, MariaDb, MS-ACCESS, dBase, OLE/COM, ActiveX, SEPA/DTAUS, ZUGFeRD, DATEV Format and DATEVconnect, DSGVO, TNT Web-API, MS-Office Addins, etc., including:
- 10+ years experience as developer and freelancer
- 10+ years experience as team leader
- 13+ years experience with CRM solutions

Use Ctrl+Left/Right to switch messages, Ctrl+Up/Down to switch threads, Ctrl+Shift+Left/Right to switch pages.