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Yes correct. If a conversion specification is invalid, the behavior is undefined.
If any argument is not the correct type for the corresponding conversion specification, the behavior is undefined.
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No, it is most definitely NOT undefined behavior. This is exactly the behavior one should expect. The variable a has the binary value of -26 decimal, or 0xFFFFFFE6 in 32-bit hexadecimal. When it is passed to printf with a %d format specifier it will be interpreted as a signed decimal value and -26 is printed. There is nothing undefined about that. It is interpreting the variable exactly as the format specifier is defined to. It may not be what you want but it is as expected.
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Rick York wrote: It may not be what you want but it is as expected.
"One man's wage rise is another man's price increase." - Harold Wilson
"Fireproof doesn't mean the fire will never come. It means when the fire comes that you will be able to withstand it." - Michael Simmons
"You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him." - James D. Miles
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Introduction to the data:
NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information collects global climate data and aggregates this data to provide information on climate trends and variability. One product they offer is a monthly regional analysis. The following table gives "anomaly" data by continent for January 2017. "Anomaly" means the value is the temperature difference from the average temperature from years 1910–2000.
Continent Anomaly (C)
North America 3.18
South America 1.36
Europe -0.12
Africa 0.53
Asia 1.92
Oceania 0.98
Assignment task:
Your task is to develop an algorithm that would sort data such as these from least to greatest. Specifically, given an unsorted set of N decimal values, your algorithm should sort them to give an answer of the sorted data. For this set of N = 6, your algorithm should produce:
-0.12
0.53
0.98
1.36
1.92
3.18
Execute your algorithm for a different set of data, such as a subset of the given data, data you make up, or another month's climate data, such as February 2017: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global-regions/201702
Does your algorithm work for any N? Have you thought of corner cases it might need to handle, such as N = 0 or N = 1?
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Sorry about that! First time using this website.
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I'm seeing the word you/your seven times in that post. Somehow I do not feel that translates to us.
if you need help with something you did, feel free to post the code, tell what it does or doesn't do, what it should do, and what you've tried. Ask specific questions, rather than broad questions.
"One man's wage rise is another man's price increase." - Harold Wilson
"Fireproof doesn't mean the fire will never come. It means when the fire comes that you will be able to withstand it." - Michael Simmons
"You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him." - James D. Miles
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Hi , I read a block of code, there is a function like:
void funcA( unsigned int * dtc, unsigned int* status)
{
int rval;
unsigned int* lstatus;
rval = funcB(dtc, lstatus);
.....
}
int funcB(unsigned int *idtc, unsinged int* istatus ) {
*istatus = XXX;
}
I understood, lstatus is not initialized, is that good way to use a local pointer like the above?
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That code will not work.
You are correct to question it.
If the code actually runs it is only because of the way that the compiler lays down the stack and/or what the exact code did just before the first method was called.
In the method the pointer is considered to be non-initialized but because it is a pointer that was created on the stack it will have a value, whatever was in the memory that the stack is using at that point. Thus correctly stated 'garbage'.
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It works.
Yes, I think this is typical wild pointer.
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samzcs wrote: It works.
It runs, which is a bit different.
If the compiler changes in the future or the flow does then it might stop. Or it might cause problems in other places.
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That is wrong. The usual idiom is instead
void funcA( unsigned int * dtc, unsigned int* status)
{
int rval;
unsigned int lstatus;
rval = funcB(dtc, &lstatus);
.....
}
int funcB(unsigned int *idtc, unsinged int* istatus ) {
*istatus = XXX;
}
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I am trying to make a global 2D array using vectors, but I am having some trouble in doing so. Below code is a small part of my project where I need to make a global 2D array whose size has to be passed through a command line. I am passing row and column as command line arguments.
"ESSolver.h"
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
extern int row;
extern int col;
extern vector<vector<double>> _muPop(row, vector<double>(col));
class ESSolver
{
public:
ESSolver();
void Init();
void Disp();
private:
vector< vector<double> > *muPop;
};
"ESSolver.cpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "../include/ESSolver.h"
using namespace std;
ESSolver::ESSolver()
{
muPop = &_muPop;
return;
}
void ESSolver::Init()
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
(*muPop)[i][j] = i+1;
}
}
}
void ESSolver::Disp()
{
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
cout << (*muPop)[i][j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
}
"main.cpp"
#include "../include/ESSolver.h"
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int row;
int col;
vector<vector<double>> _muPop(row, vector<double>(col));
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
row = atoi(argv[1]);
col = atoi(argv[2]);
ESSolver es;
es.Init();
}
modified 29-Jan-21 21:01pm.
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You declare your vector as a global, but the values of row and col will be zero when it is created. Make it a local variable and let your ESSolver object manage it. Or better still make it a member of the ESSolver class.
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Your concept is totally wrong and won't work at least here:
vector<vector<double>> _muPop(row, vector<double>(col)); because row and col are not defined.
Write a class that holds the 2D array. That class should have an initialisation function with the number of rows and columns as parameters that allocates the array and initialises the array items.
Then there is even no need to have a global instance of that class. It can be a local member of your main function.
You might also check if the usage of vector is really necessary. If you don't need vector specific operations using classic C style arrays or C++ array templates might be a better option.
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As suggested, don't use globals. Try, for instance
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Matrix
{
int R, C;
vector <vector <int> > m;
public:
Matrix(int r, int c):R(r),C(c)
{
for (int r = 0; r<R; ++r)
{
m.push_back(vector <int >());
for (int c = 0; c<C; ++c)
m[r].push_back(c+1);
}
}
friend ostream & operator << (ostream & os, const Matrix & mat);
};
ostream & operator << (ostream & os, const Matrix & mat)
{
for (int r = 0; r<mat.R; ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c<mat.C; ++c)
os << setw(4) << mat.m[r][c];
os << endl;
}
return os;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
int rows=1, cols=1;
if ( argc >= 3)
{
rows = stoi(argv[1]);
cols = stoi(argv[2]);
}
Matrix m(rows,cols);
cout << m << endl;
}
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Thanks
modified 29-Jan-21 21:01pm.
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I have a application, where on clicking on minimize button it should minimise to system tray and on clicking right button it should pop up a menu. Get i have that piece of code.
void CXTransferDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
DWORD dwMsg = NIM_ADD;
if (nID == SC_MINIMIZE)
{}
where i need to add the piece of code in the minimize loop
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Is there any way to pass the size of an array using a command prompt.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int arr[ argv[1] ];
return 0;
}
modified 29-Jan-21 21:01pm.
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Arguments come as an array of char * - that's the argv variable. One way to convert them is :
int size = atoi( argv[1] );
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Now consider this code
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class cls
{
private:
int arr[len];
public:
int len;
void print_arr();
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
cls obj;
obj.len = atoi( argv[1] );
obj.print_arr();
return 0;
}
void cls::print_arr()
{
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
arr[i] = i;
cout << arr[i] << " ";
}
}
Getting errors
error: ‘len’ was not declared in this scope
error: ‘arr’ was not declared in this scope
modified 29-Jan-21 21:01pm.
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The array needs to be dynamically allocated. This is done using the new operator. I usually prepend an "m_" to member variable names so I know that is what they are. The array will be allocated in the class constructor and released in the destructor.
class cls
{
private:
int * m_array;
public:
int m_length;
cls( int length );
~cls();
void print_array();
};
cls::cls( int length )
{
m_length = length;
m_array = new int[length];
}
cls::~cls()
{
delete [] m_array;
m_array = nullptr;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int length = atoi( argv[1] );
cls obj( length );
obj.print_array();
return 0;
}
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